Exosome Evidence Index

What human studies show about exosome therapy

The published studies in people, sorted by condition and by how strong their design is. No exosome product is FDA-approved for any use.

See the evidenceBefore you book a treatment

Background: an illustration styled after an electron micrograph of extracellular vesicles.

The evidence ladder

27 studies across 16 conditions. Select a mark to read the study, or a condition to see all of its studies.

Updated October 2026
FDA-approved uses: none

Condition
Single case or case series
Study without a control group
Controlled trial
Phase 3 results
FDA approved
  • Better than control
  • Mixed or short-lived result
  • Similar to comparison treatment
  • No benefit over control
  • Improvement reported, no control group
  • Safety only
  • Stopped for a safety event
  • Trial underway, no results yet

What each column and mark means

Three results to know before you book

A placebo-controlled knee trial found no benefitPlacental vesicles injected into one knee did no better than saline in the other, on pain, function, or MRI.Bolandnazar NS et al., BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2024The largest controlled trial found benefit only in a subgroupIn 102 patients with COVID-19 lung failure, lower mortality appeared only at the higher dose and in patients under 65.Lightner AL et al., CHEST, 2023One trial was stopped for a safety eventAn IV vesicle trial in premature infants stopped after a serious bowel complication in the lowest-dose group.United Therapeutics, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03857841

Where to start

Before you book a treatmentWhat the FDA has said, and five questions to ask any clinic.Look up a productProducts named in published studies, and what was actually tested.Browse every studyFilter by condition, source, and result.